What is the integral of cot(θ) ?

The integral of cot(θ) is ln|sin(θ)|+C

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integral of cot(θ)

\int cot (θ) d θ

ln ∣ sin (θ) ∣ + C

Solution steps

\int cot (θ) d θ

Rewrite using trig identities

= \int \frac{cos ( θ )}{sin ( θ )} d θ

Apply u-substitution

= \int \frac{1}{u} d u

Use the common integral:

\int \frac{1}{u} d u = ln (∣ u ∣)

= ln ∣ u ∣

Substitute back

u = sin (θ)

= ln ∣ sin (θ) ∣

Add a constant to the solution

= ln ∣ sin (θ) ∣ + C

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