What is the integral of (4x^3)/(x^2+1) ?

The integral of (4x^3)/(x^2+1) is 2(x^2+1-ln|x^2+1|)+C

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integral of (4x^3)/(x^2+1)

\int \frac{4 x ^{3}}{x ^{2} + 1} d x

2 (x^{2} + 1 - ln x^{2} + 1) + C

Solution steps

\int \frac{4 x ^{3}}{x ^{2} + 1} d x

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= 4 \cdot \int \frac{x ^{3}}{x ^{2} + 1} d x

Apply u-substitution

: \int \frac{u - 1}{2 u} d u

= 4 \cdot \int \frac{u - 1}{2 u} d u

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= 4 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot \int \frac{u - 1}{u} d u

Expand

\frac{u - 1}{u} : 1 - \frac{1}{u}

= 4 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot \int 1 - \frac{1}{u} d u

Apply the Sum Rule:

\int f (x) \pm g (x) d x = \int f (x) d x \pm \int g (x) d x

= 4 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (\int 1 d u - \int \frac{1}{u} d u)

\int 1 d u = u

\int \frac{1}{u} d u = ln ∣ u ∣

= 4 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (u - ln ∣ u ∣)

Substitute back

u = x^{2} + 1

= 4 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (x^{2} + 1 - ln x^{2} + 1)

Simplify

4 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (x^{2} + 1 - ln x^{2} + 1) : 2 (x^{2} + 1 - ln x^{2} + 1)

= 2 (x^{2} + 1 - ln x^{2} + 1)

Add a constant to the solution

= 2 (x^{2} + 1 - ln x^{2} + 1) + C

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What is the integral of (4x^3)/(x^2+1) ?
The integral of (4x^3)/(x^2+1) is 2(x^2+1-ln|x^2+1|)+C