What is the integral of (-1)/(x^2-2x-3) ?

The integral of (-1)/(x^2-2x-3) is 1/4 ln|x+1|-1/4 ln|x-3|+C

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integral of (-1)/(x^2-2x-3)

\int \frac{- 1}{x ^{2} - 2 x - 3} d x

\frac{1}{4} ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ - \frac{1}{4} ln ∣ x - 3 ∣ + C

Solution steps

\int \frac{- 1}{x ^{2} - 2 x - 3} d x

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= - \int \frac{1}{x ^{2} - 2 x - 3} d x

Take the partial fraction of

\frac{1}{x ^{2} - 2 x - 3} : - \frac{1}{4 ( x + 1 )} + \frac{1}{4 ( x - 3 )}

= - \int - \frac{1}{4 ( x + 1 )} + \frac{1}{4 ( x - 3 )} d x

Apply the Sum Rule:

\int f (x) \pm g (x) d x = \int f (x) d x \pm \int g (x) d x

= - (- \int \frac{1}{4 ( x + 1 )} d x + \int \frac{1}{4 ( x - 3 )} d x)

\int \frac{1}{4 ( x + 1 )} d x = \frac{1}{4} ln ∣ x + 1 ∣

\int \frac{1}{4 ( x - 3 )} d x = \frac{1}{4} ln ∣ x - 3 ∣

= - (- \frac{1}{4} ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ + \frac{1}{4} ln ∣ x - 3 ∣)

Simplify

= \frac{1}{4} ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ - \frac{1}{4} ln ∣ x - 3 ∣

Add a constant to the solution

= \frac{1}{4} ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ - \frac{1}{4} ln ∣ x - 3 ∣ + C

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What is the integral of (-1)/(x^2-2x-3) ?
The integral of (-1)/(x^2-2x-3) is 1/4 ln|x+1|-1/4 ln|x-3|+C