What is the integral of cot^3(a)csc^3(a) ?

The integral of cot^3(a)csc^3(a) is -1/5 csc^5(a)+1/3 csc^3(a)+C

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integral of cot^3(a)csc^3(a)

\int cot^{3} (a) csc^{3} (a) d a

- \frac{1}{5} csc^{5} (a) + \frac{1}{3} csc^{3} (a) + C

Solution steps

\int cot^{3} (a) csc^{3} (a) d a

Apply u-substitution

: \int - u^{2} (u^{2} - 1) d u

= \int - u^{2} (u^{2} - 1) d u

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= - \int u^{2} (u^{2} - 1) d u

Expand

u^{2} (u^{2} - 1) : u^{4} - u^{2}

= - \int u^{4} - u^{2} d u

Apply the Sum Rule:

\int f (x) \pm g (x) d x = \int f (x) d x \pm \int g (x) d x

= - (\int u^{4} d u - \int u^{2} d u)

\int u^{4} d u = \frac{u ^{5}}{5}

\int u^{2} d u = \frac{u ^{3}}{3}

= - (\frac{u ^{5}}{5} - \frac{u ^{3}}{3})

Substitute back

u = csc (a)

= - (\frac{csc ^{5} ( a )}{5} - \frac{csc ^{3} ( a )}{3})

Simplify

- (\frac{csc ^{5} ( a )}{5} - \frac{csc ^{3} ( a )}{3}) : - \frac{1}{5} csc^{5} (a) + \frac{1}{3} csc^{3} (a)

= - \frac{1}{5} csc^{5} (a) + \frac{1}{3} csc^{3} (a)

Add a constant to the solution

= - \frac{1}{5} csc^{5} (a) + \frac{1}{3} csc^{3} (a) + C

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What is the integral of cot^3(a)csc^3(a) ?
The integral of cot^3(a)csc^3(a) is -1/5 csc^5(a)+1/3 csc^3(a)+C