What is the general solution for tan^2(x)-sec(x)-1=0 ?

The general solution for tan^2(x)-sec(x)-1=0 is x= pi/3+2pin,x=(5pi)/3+2pin,x=pi+2pin

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tan^2(x)-sec(x)-1=0

Solution

tan^{2} (x) - sec (x) - 1 = 0

Solution

x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = π + 2 πn

Degrees

x = 6 0^{\circ} + 36 0^{\circ} n, x = 30 0^{\circ} + 36 0^{\circ} n, x = 18 0^{\circ} + 36 0^{\circ} n

Solution steps

tan^{2} (x) - sec (x) - 1 = 0

Rewrite using trig identities

- 1 - sec (x) + tan^{2} (x)

Use the Pythagorean identity:

tan^{2} (x) + 1 = sec^{2} (x)

tan^{2} (x) = sec^{2} (x) - 1

= - 1 - sec (x) + sec^{2} (x) - 1

Simplify

- 1 - sec (x) + sec^{2} (x) - 1 : sec^{2} (x) - sec (x) - 2

- 1 - sec (x) + sec^{2} (x) - 1

Group like terms

= - sec (x) + sec^{2} (x) - 1 - 1

Subtract the numbers:

- 1 - 1 = - 2

= sec^{2} (x) - sec (x) - 2

= sec^{2} (x) - sec (x) - 2

- 2 - sec (x) + sec^{2} (x) = 0

Solve by substitution

- 2 - sec (x) + sec^{2} (x) = 0

Let:

sec (x) = u

- 2 - u + u^{2} = 0

- 2 - u + u^{2} = 0 : u = 2, u = - 1

- 2 - u + u^{2} = 0

Write in the standard form

a x^{2} + b x + c = 0

u^{2} - u - 2 = 0

Solve with the quadratic formula

u^{2} - u - 2 = 0

Quadratic Equation Formula:

For

a = 1, b = - 1, c = - 2

u_{1, 2} = \frac{- ( - 1 ) \pm ( - 1 ) ^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot ( - 2 )}{2 \cdot 1}

u_{1, 2} = \frac{- ( - 1 ) \pm ( - 1 ) ^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot ( - 2 )}{2 \cdot 1}

(- 1)^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 2) = 3

(- 1)^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot (- 2)

Apply rule

- (- a) = a

= (- 1)^{2} + 4 \cdot 1 \cdot 2

(- 1)^{2} = 1

(- 1)^{2}

Apply exponent rule:

(- a)^{n} = a^{n},

n

is even

(- 1)^{2} = 1^{2}

= 1^{2}

Apply rule

1^{a} = 1

= 1

4 \cdot 1 \cdot 2 = 8

4 \cdot 1 \cdot 2

Multiply the numbers:

4 \cdot 1 \cdot 2 = 8

= 8

= 1 + 8

Add the numbers:

1 + 8 = 9

= 9

Factor the number:

9 = 3^{2}

= 3^{2}

Apply radical rule:

3^{2} = 3

= 3

u_{1, 2} = \frac{- ( - 1 ) \pm 3}{2 \cdot 1}

Separate the solutions

u_{1} = \frac{- ( - 1 ) + 3}{2 \cdot 1}, u_{2} = \frac{- ( - 1 ) - 3}{2 \cdot 1}

u = \frac{- ( - 1 ) + 3}{2 \cdot 1} : 2

\frac{- ( - 1 ) + 3}{2 \cdot 1}

Apply rule

- (- a) = a

= \frac{1 + 3}{2 \cdot 1}

Add the numbers:

1 + 3 = 4

= \frac{4}{2 \cdot 1}

Multiply the numbers:

2 \cdot 1 = 2

= \frac{4}{2}

Divide the numbers:

\frac{4}{2} = 2

= 2

u = \frac{- ( - 1 ) - 3}{2 \cdot 1} : - 1

\frac{- ( - 1 ) - 3}{2 \cdot 1}

Apply rule

- (- a) = a

= \frac{1 - 3}{2 \cdot 1}

Subtract the numbers:

1 - 3 = - 2

= \frac{- 2}{2 \cdot 1}

Multiply the numbers:

2 \cdot 1 = 2

= \frac{- 2}{2}

Apply the fraction rule:

\frac{- a}{b} = - \frac{a}{b}

= - \frac{2}{2}

Apply rule

\frac{a}{a} = 1

= - 1

The solutions to the quadratic equation are:

u = 2, u = - 1

Substitute back

u = sec (x)

sec (x) = 2, sec (x) = - 1

sec (x) = 2, sec (x) = - 1

sec (x) = 2 : x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn

sec (x) = 2

General solutions for

sec (x) = 2

sec (x)

periodicity table with

2 πn

cycle:

x 0 \frac{π}{6} \frac{π}{4} \frac{π}{3} \frac{π}{2} \frac{2 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{4} \frac{5 π}{6} sec (x) 1 \frac{2 3}{3} 22 Undefined - 2 - 2 - \frac{2 3}{3} x π \frac{7 π}{6} \frac{5 π}{4} \frac{4 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{2} \frac{5 π}{3} \frac{7 π}{4} \frac{11 π}{6} sec (x) - 1 - \frac{2 3}{3} - 2 - 2 Undefined 22 \frac{2 3}{3}

x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn

x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn

sec (x) = - 1 : x = π + 2 πn

sec (x) = - 1

General solutions for

sec (x) = - 1

sec (x)

periodicity table with

2 πn

cycle:

x 0 \frac{π}{6} \frac{π}{4} \frac{π}{3} \frac{π}{2} \frac{2 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{4} \frac{5 π}{6} sec (x) 1 \frac{2 3}{3} 22 Undefined - 2 - 2 - \frac{2 3}{3} x π \frac{7 π}{6} \frac{5 π}{4} \frac{4 π}{3} \frac{3 π}{2} \frac{5 π}{3} \frac{7 π}{4} \frac{11 π}{6} sec (x) - 1 - \frac{2 3}{3} - 2 - 2 Undefined 22 \frac{2 3}{3}

x = π + 2 πn

x = π + 2 πn

Combine all the solutions

x = \frac{π}{3} + 2 πn, x = \frac{5 π}{3} + 2 πn, x = π + 2 πn

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the general solution for tan^2(x)-sec(x)-1=0 ?
The general solution for tan^2(x)-sec(x)-1=0 is x= pi/3+2pin,x=(5pi)/3+2pin,x=pi+2pin