We've updated our
Privacy Policy effective December 15. Please read our updated Privacy Policy and tap

Study Guides > Prealgebra

Using the Properties of Equality to Solve Equations With Decimals

Learning Outcomes

  • Determine whether a decimal is a solution to an equation
  • Solve an equation that contains decimals using the addition and subtraction properties
 

Determine Whether a Decimal is a Solution of an Equation

Solving equations with decimals is important in our everyday lives because money is usually written with decimals. When applications involve money, such as shopping for yourself, making your family’s budget, or planning for the future of your business, you’ll be solving equations with decimals. Now that we’ve worked with decimals, we are ready to find solutions to equations involving decimals. The steps we take to determine whether a number is a solution to an equation are the same whether the solution is a whole number, an integer, a fraction, or a decimal. We’ll list these steps here again for easy reference.

Determine whether a number is a solution to an equation

  1. Substitute the number for the variable in the equation.
  2. Simplify the expressions on both sides of the equation.
  3. Determine whether the resulting equation is true.
    • If so, the number is a solution.
    • If not, the number is not a solution.
 

example

Determine whether each of the following is a solution of [latex]x - 0.7=1.5\text{:}[/latex] ⓐ [latex]x=1[/latex] ⓑ [latex]x=-0.8[/latex] ⓒ [latex]x=2.2[/latex] Solution
[latex]x-0.7=1.5[/latex]
Substitute [latex]\color{red}{1}[/latex] for x. [latex]\color{red}{1} - 0.7\stackrel{?}{=}1.5[/latex]
Subtract. [latex]0.3\color{red}{=}1.5[/latex]
Since [latex]x=1[/latex] does not result in a true equation, [latex]1[/latex] is not a solution to the equation.
[latex]x-0.7=1.5[/latex]
Substitute [latex]\color{red}{0.8}[/latex] for x. [latex]\color{red}{0.8} - 0.7\stackrel{?}{=}1.5[/latex]
Subtract. [latex]-1.5\color{red}{=}1.5[/latex]
Since [latex]x=-0.8[/latex] does not result in a true equation, [latex]-0.8[/latex] is not a solution to the equation.
[latex]x-0.7=1.5[/latex]
Substitute [latex]\color{red}{2.2}[/latex] for x. [latex]\color{red}{2.2} - 0.7\stackrel{?}{=}1.5[/latex]
Subtract. [latex]1.5=1.5[/latex]
Since [latex]x=2.2[/latex] results in a true equation, [latex]2.2[/latex] is a solution to the equation.
 

try it

[ohm_question]146375[/ohm_question]
 

Solve Equations with Decimals

In previous chapters, we solved equations using the Properties of Equality. We will use these same properties to solve equations with decimals.

Properties of Equality

Subtraction Property of Equality For any numbers [latex]a,b,\text{and }c[/latex] If [latex]a=b[/latex], then [latex]a-c=b-c[/latex]. Addition Property of Equality For any numbers [latex]a,b,\text{and }c[/latex] If [latex]a=b[/latex], then [latex]a+c=b+c[/latex].
The Division Property of Equality For any numbers [latex]a,b,\text{and }c,\text{and }c\ne 0[/latex] If [latex]a=b[/latex], then [latex]\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{c}[/latex] The Multiplication Property of Equality For any numbers [latex]a,b,\text{and }c[/latex] If [latex]a=b[/latex], then [latex]ac=bc[/latex]
  When you add, subtract, multiply or divide the same quantity from both sides of an equation, you still have equality.

example

Solve: [latex]y+2.3=-4.7[/latex].

Answer: Solution We will use the Subtraction Property of Equality to isolate the variable.

[latex]y+2.3=-4.7[/latex]
Subtract [latex]\color{red}{2.3}[/latex] from each side, to undo the addition. [latex]y+2.3\color{red}{- 2.3}=-4.7\color{red}{- 2.3}[/latex]
Simplify. [latex]y-7[/latex]
Check: [latex]y+2.3=-4.7[/latex]
Substitute [latex]y=\color{red}{-7}[/latex]. [latex]\color{red}{-7}+2.3\stackrel{?}{=}-4.7[/latex]
Simplify. [latex]-4.7=-4.7[/latex]
Since [latex]y=-7[/latex] makes [latex]y+2.3=-4.7[/latex] a true statement, we know we have found a solution to this equation.

 

try it

[ohm_question]146377[/ohm_question]
 

example

Solve: [latex]a - 4.75=-1.39[/latex].

Answer: Solution We will use the Addition Property of Equality.

[latex]a-4.75=-1.39[/latex]
Add [latex]4.75[/latex] to each side, to undo the subtraction. [latex]a-4.75+\color{red}{4.75}=-1.39+\color{red}{4.75}[/latex]
Simplify. [latex]a=3.36[/latex]
Check: [latex]a-4.75=-1.39[/latex]
Substitute [latex]a=\color{red}{3.36}[/latex]. [latex]\color{red}{3.36}-4.75\stackrel{?}{=}-1.39[/latex]
[latex]-1.39=-1.39[/latex]
Since the result is a true statement, [latex]a=3.36[/latex] is a solution to the equation.

 

try it

[ohm_question]146379[/ohm_question]
In teh following video we show more examples of using the addition and subtraction properties of equality to solve linear equations that contain decimals. https://youtu.be/D8wKGlxf6bM

example

Solve: [latex]-4.8=0.8n[/latex].

Answer: Solution We will use the Division Property of Equality. Use the Properties of Equality to find a value for [latex]n[/latex].

[latex]-4.8=0.8n[/latex]
We must divide both sides by [latex]0.8[/latex] to isolate n. [latex]\frac{-4.8}{\color{red}{0.8}}=\frac{0.8n}{\color{red}{0.8}}[/latex]
Simplify. [latex]-6=n[/latex]
Check: [latex]-4.8=0.8n[/latex]
Substitute [latex]n=\color{red}{-6}[/latex]. [latex]-4.8\stackrel{?}{=}0.8(\color{red}{-6})[/latex]
[latex]-4.8=-4.8[/latex]
Since [latex]n=-6[/latex] makes [latex]-4.8=0.8n[/latex] a true statement, we know we have a solution.

 

try it

[ohm_question]146382[/ohm_question]
Watch the next video to see how to solve another equation with decimals that requires division. https://youtu.be/paV-sXbRkHA

example

Solve: [latex]\frac{p}{-1.8}=-6.5[/latex].

Answer: Solution We will use the Multiplication Property of Equality.

[latex]\frac{p}{-1.8}=-6.5[/latex]
Here, p is divided by [latex]−1.8[/latex]. We must multiply by [latex]−1.8[/latex] to isolate p [latex]\color{red}{-1.8}(\frac{p}{-1.8})=\color{red}{-1.8}(-6.5)[/latex]
Multiply. [latex]p=11.7[/latex]
Check: [latex]\frac{p}{-1.8}=-6.5[/latex]
[latex]\frac{\color{red}{11.7}}{-1.8}\stackrel{?}{=}-6.5[/latex]
 Substitute [latex]p=\color{red}{11.7}[/latex]. [latex]-6.5=-6.5[/latex]
A solution to [latex]\frac{p}{-1.8}=-6.5[/latex] is [latex]p=11.7[/latex].

 

try it

[ohm_question]146383[/ohm_question]
The following video shows an example of how to solve an equation with decimals that requires multiplication. https://youtu.be/q2s9GaEwSi8

Licenses & Attributions

CC licensed content, Original

  • Question ID 146375, 146377, 146379, 146382 , 146383. Authored by: Lumen Learning. License: CC BY: Attribution.

CC licensed content, Shared previously

  • Solving One Step Equations Using Addition and Subtraction (Decimals). Authored by: James Sousa (Mathispower4u.com). License: CC BY: Attribution.
  • Ex: Solve a One Step Equation With Decimals by Multiplying. Authored by: James Sousa (Mathispower4u.com). License: CC BY: Attribution.
  • Ex: Solve a One Step Equation With Decimals by Dividing. Authored by: James Sousa (Mathispower4u.com). License: CC BY: Attribution.

CC licensed content, Specific attribution