What is the integral of 1/(-e^{3x)} ?

The integral of 1/(-e^{3x)} is 1/3 e^{-3x}+C

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integral of 1/(-e^{3x)}

\int \frac{1}{- e ^{3 x}} d x

\frac{1}{3} e^{- 3 x} + C

Solution steps

\int \frac{1}{- e ^{3 x}} d x

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= - \int \frac{1}{e ^{3 x}} d x

Apply exponent rule:

\frac{1}{a ^{b}} = a^{- b}

\frac{1}{e ^{3 x}} = e^{- 3 x}

= - \int e^{- 3 x} d x

Apply u-substitution

: \int - \frac{1}{3} e^{u} d u

= - \int - \frac{1}{3} e^{u} d u

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= - (- \frac{1}{3} \cdot \int e^{u} d u)

Use the common integral:

\int e^{u} d u = e^{u}

= - (- \frac{1}{3} e^{u})

Substitute back

u = - 3 x

= - (- \frac{1}{3} e^{- 3 x})

Simplify

= \frac{1}{3} e^{- 3 x}

Add a constant to the solution

= \frac{1}{3} e^{- 3 x} + C

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What is the integral of 1/(-e^{3x)} ?
The integral of 1/(-e^{3x)} is 1/3 e^{-3x}+C