What is the integral of-3cos(3x) ?

The integral of-3cos(3x) is -sin(3x)+C

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integral of-3cos(3x)

\int - 3 cos (3 x) d x

- sin (3 x) + C

Solution steps

\int - 3 cos (3 x) d x

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= - 3 \cdot \int cos (3 x) d x

Apply u-substitution

: \int cos (u) \frac{1}{3} d u

= - 3 \cdot \int cos (u) \frac{1}{3} d u

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= - 3 \cdot \frac{1}{3} \cdot \int cos (u) d u

Use the common integral:

\int cos (u) d u = sin (u)

= - 3 \cdot \frac{1}{3} sin (u)

Substitute back

u = 3 x

= - 3 \cdot \frac{1}{3} sin (3 x)

Simplify

- 3 \cdot \frac{1}{3} sin (3 x) : - sin (3 x)

= - sin (3 x)

Add a constant to the solution

= - sin (3 x) + C

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